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Normal Function
The FAM83H gene provides instructions for making a protein whose function is not well understood. The protein is found in several types of cells, including specialized cells called ameloblasts. Ameloblasts produce tooth enamel, which is the hard, calcium-rich material that forms the protective outer layer of each tooth. The FAM83H protein is thought to be involved in the formation of enamel, although its role in this process is unknown.
Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes
Amelogenesis imperfecta
At least 20 mutations in the FAM83H gene have been found in an autosomal dominant form of a disorder of tooth development called amelogenesis imperfecta. Autosomal dominant inheritance means that one copy of the FAM83H gene in each cell is altered. All of the known FAM83H gene mutations lead to production of an abnormally short protein. While the normal protein is found in the fluid-filled space inside the cell (the cytoplasm), the altered protein is found in the cell's nucleus. Researchers speculate that the altered protein produced from the mutated copy of the gene interferes with the function of the normal protein produced from the non-mutated copy of the gene (such mutations are described as "dominant-negative"). However, researchers do not know how the altered protein leads to teeth with unusually thin, rough, yellowish-brown enamel.
More About This Health ConditionOther Names for This Gene
- AI3
- FA83H_HUMAN
- FAM83H variant 1
- family with sequence similarity 83, member H
- FLJ46072
- protein FAM83H
Additional Information & Resources
Tests Listed in the Genetic Testing Registry
Scientific Articles on PubMed
Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM
References
- Ding Y, Estrella MR, Hu YY, Chan HL, Zhang HD, Kim JW, Simmer JP, Hu JC. Fam83h is associated with intracellular vesicles and ADHCAI. J Dent Res. 2009 Nov;88(11):991-6. doi: 10.1177/0022034509349454. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
- Kim JW, Lee SK, Lee ZH, Park JC, Lee KE, Lee MH, Park JT, Seo BM, Hu JC, Simmer JP. FAM83H mutations in families with autosomal-dominant hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta. Am J Hum Genet. 2008 Feb;82(2):489-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.09.020. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
- Lee SK, Hu JC, Bartlett JD, Lee KE, Lin BP, Simmer JP, Kim JW. Mutational spectrum of FAM83H: the C-terminal portion is required for tooth enamel calcification. Hum Mutat. 2008 Aug;29(8):E95-9. doi: 10.1002/humu.20789. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
- Lee SK, Lee KE, Jeong TS, Hwang YH, Kim S, Hu JC, Simmer JP, Kim JW. FAM83H mutations cause ADHCAI and alter intracellular protein localization. J Dent Res. 2011 Mar;90(3):377-81. doi: 10.1177/0022034510389177. Epub 2010 Nov 30. Citation on PubMed
The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.