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For most types of direct-to-consumer genetic testing, the process involves:
- 1. Purchasing a test
Test kits can be purchased online (and are shipped to your home) or at a store. The price of some test kits includes the analysis and interpretation, while in other cases this information is purchased separately.
- 2. Collecting the sample
Collection of the DNA sample usually involves spitting saliva into a tube or swabbing the inside of your cheek and putting that swab into a tube. You then mail the sample as directed by the company. In some cases, you will need to visit a health clinic to have blood drawn.
- 3. Analyzing the sample
A laboratory will analyze the sample to look for particular genetic variations. The variations included in the test depend on the purpose of the test.
- 4. Receiving results
In most cases, you will be able to access your results on a secure website or app. (You will likely need to create an account on the testing company website to access results.) Other test companies share results in the mail or over the phone. The results usually include interpretation of what specific genetic variations may mean for your health or ancestry. At some companies, you can request additional explanation from a genetic counselor or other healthcare provider. This additional service may or may not involve an extra cost. Some testing companies may update your results over time based on new scientific information, such as a new genetic variant associated with a trait on their test.
The test kit will include step-by-step instructions, so be sure you understand them before you begin. If you have questions, contact the company before collecting your sample.
Topics in the Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing chapter
- What is direct-to-consumer genetic testing?
- What kinds of direct-to-consumer genetic tests are available?
- What is genetic ancestry testing?
- What are the pros and cons of direct-to-consumer genetic testing?
- How do I choose a direct-to-consumer genetic testing company?
- How is direct-to-consumer genetic testing done?
- How much does direct-to-consumer genetic testing cost, and is it covered by health insurance?
- What do the results of direct-to-consumer genetic testing mean?
- What can raw data from a direct-to-consumer genetic test tell me?
- Can a direct-to-consumer genetic test tell me whether I will develop cancer?
- Can a direct-to-consumer genetic test tell me whether I will develop Alzheimer's disease?
- What does it mean to have Neanderthal DNA or Denisovan DNA?
- How do direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies protect their customers’ privacy?
- What should I know before proceeding with direct-to-consumer genetic testing?
- Where can I read more about the diseases and traits covered in my direct-to-consumer genetic testing report?
The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.