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• Summary
• Start Here
• Prevention and Risk Factors

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• Related Issues
• Specifics

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Research

• Clinical Trials
• Journal Articles

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• Children
• Teenagers

Summary

We all need clean water. People need it to grow crops and to operate factories, and for drinking and recreation. Fish and wildlife depend on it to survive.

Many different pollutants can harm our rivers, streams, lakes, and oceans. The three most common are soil, nutrients, and bacteria. Rain washes soil into streams and rivers. The soil can kill tiny animals and fish eggs. It can clog the gills of fish and block light, causing plants to die. Nutrients, often from fertilizers, cause problems in lakes, ponds, and reservoirs. Nitrogen and phosphorus make algae grow and can turn water green. Bacteria, often from sewage spills, can pollute fresh or salt water.

You can help protect your water supply:

• Don't pour household products such as cleansers, beauty products, medicines, auto fluids, paint, and lawn care products down the drain. Take them to a hazardous waste collection site.
• Throw away excess household grease (meat fats, lard, cooking oil, shortening, butter, margarine, etc.) diapers, condoms, and personal hygiene products in the garbage can.
• Clean up after your pets. Pet waste contains nutrients and germs.

Environmental Protection Agency

Start Here

• Primer on Water Quality (U.S. Geological Survey)
• Safe Water and Your Health (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences)

Prevention and Risk Factors

• Basic Information and Answers to Frequent Questions about Healthy Watersheds Protection (Environmental Protection Agency)
• Risk Assessment (Environmental Protection Agency)

Related Issues

• Agricultural Water and Your Safety (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Specifics

• Acid Rain (Environmental Protection Agency)
• Harmful Algal Blooms (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences)
• Harmful Algal Blooms and Your Health (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
• What Affects Human Health at the Beach (Environmental Protection Agency)

Clinical Trials

• ClinicalTrials.gov: Protozoan Infections (National Institutes of Health)

Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

• Article: How Does Climate Change Influence the Regional Ecological-Social Risks of Harmful...
• Article: Unravelling sources of fecal pollution in oligotrophic mountain waters: Integrating Escherichia...
• Article: Recreational exposure to polluted open water and infection: A systematic review...
• Water Pollution -- see more articles

Find an Expert

• Environmental Protection Agency Also in Spanish
• National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Also in Spanish

Children

• River and Stream Pollution (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences)

Teenagers

• Quiz: Water and Your Health (Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health)