Your child has to be able to balance a little to stand with crutches. Tell your child to hold their head high and look forward, keeping their shoulders back and their stomach and buttocks tucked in. Looking down can cause imbalance and they can run into obstacles. Have your child stand on their good leg. Keep the crutches slightly forward and apart.

This means that your child cannot put any weight on the hurt foot or leg. The arms, hands, crutches, and good foot are used to move about. Tell your child to:

• Stand on the good foot. Hold the crutches against the side of their body. Squeeze them using the arms and side of body.
• Move the crutches about one step in front, with the crutches out a little wider than their feet. Move the hurt leg forward with the crutches.
• Push down on the crutches with their hands on the handgrips. Squeeze the crutches between the arms and sides.
• Put their weight on the handgrips and move forward.
• Do not lean on the crutches or their armpits. Putting weight on the armpits can hurt, and your child can get a rash and damage nerves and blood vessels under their arm.
• Hop forward on the good foot just a little in front of the crutches. This is one step. This should be the distance of a normal step.
• Start the next step by moving the crutches about one step in front with the injured leg.
• Look ahead when walking, not at their feet. You can lose balance when looking down.

This means that your child can touch the ground with their bad foot to help with balance. Tell your child to:

• Stand on their good foot.
• Move the crutches about one step in front.
• Put their bad leg forward with the crutch tips. Their toes can touch the ground, or a little weight can be put on their foot for balance.
• Put most of the weight on the handgrips. Squeeze the crutches between the arm and the side of the chest.
• Take a step with their good leg.
• Start the next step by moving the crutches about one step in front with their injured leg.
• Look ahead when walking, not at their feet.

American Academy of Othopaedic Surgeons website. How to use crutches, canes, and walkers. orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/recovery/how-to-use-crutches-canes-and-walkers. Updated December 2020. Accessed November 19, 2024.

Edelstein J. Canes, crutches, and walkers. In: Webster JB, Murphy DP, eds. Atlas of Orthoses and Assistive Devices. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 36.

Updated by: C. Benjamin Ma, MD, Professor, Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, San Francisco, CA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.