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Esophageal Cancer
URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/esophagealcancer.html

Esophageal Cancer

On this page

Basics

  • Summary
  • Start Here
  • Diagnosis and Tests
  • Prevention and Risk Factors
  • Treatments and Therapies

Learn More

  • Living With
  • Related Issues

See, Play and Learn

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Research

  • Statistics and Research
  • Clinical Trials
  • Journal Articles

Resources

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  • Find an Expert

For You

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Summary

The esophagus is a hollow tube that carries food and liquids from your throat to your stomach. Early esophageal cancer usually does not cause symptoms. Later, you may have symptoms such as:

  • Painful or difficult swallowing
  • Weight loss
  • A hoarse voice or cough that doesn't go away

You're at greater risk for getting esophageal cancer if you smoke, drink heavily, or have acid reflux. Your risk also goes up as you age

Your doctor uses imaging tests and a biopsy to diagnose esophageal cancer. Treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. You might also need nutritional support, since the cancer or treatment may make it hard to swallow.

NIH: National Cancer Institute

Start Here

  • Esophageal Cancer From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish
  • General Information about Esophageal Cancer From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish
  • What Is Cancer of the Esophagus? (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish

Diagnosis and Tests

  • Esophageal Cancer Screening From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish
  • Stages of Esophageal Cancer From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish
  • Tests for Esophageal Cancer (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish
  • Upper GI Endoscopy From the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) Also in Spanish
  • Upper GI Series From the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) Also in Spanish

Prevention and Risk Factors

  • Can Esophageal Cancer Be Found Early? (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish
  • Esophageal Cancer Prevention From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish

Treatments and Therapies

  • Drugs Approved for Esophageal Cancer From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute)
  • Supportive Therapy for Esophageal Cancer (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish
  • Treatment Option Overview (Esophageal Cancer) From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish

Living With

  • Living as an Esophagus Cancer Survivor (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish

Related Issues

  • Barrett's Esophagus From the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)
  • Questions to Ask About Esophageal Cancer (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish
  • Risks of Esophageal Cancer Screening From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish

Statistics and Research

  • Cancer of the Esophagus From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute)
  • Key Statistics for Esophageal Cancer (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish
  • Preoperative Chemotherapy, Radiation Improve Survival in Esophageal Cancer (Updated) From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute)
  • What's New in Esophageal Cancer Research? (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish

Clinical Trials

  • ClinicalTrials.gov: Esophageal Neoplasms From the National Institutes of Health (National Institutes of Health)

Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

  • Article: DKN-01 and tislelizumab as second-line therapy in DKK1-high gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: DisTinGuish...
  • Article: Efficacy of laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube during total minimally...
  • Article: Phase II Protocol on the Safety and Nutritional Status of Postoperative...
  • Esophageal Cancer -- see more articles

Reference Desk

  • Dictionary of Cancer Terms From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish

Find an Expert

  • American Cancer Society
  • ASGE: Find a Doctor (American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)
  • Choosing a Cancer Doctor (American Cancer Society) Also in Spanish
  • Find an ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialist) (American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery)
  • National Cancer Institute From the National Institutes of Health Also in Spanish
  • Organizations that Offer Cancer Support Services From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish

Children

  • Childhood Esophageal Cancer Treatment From the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) Also in Spanish

Patient Handouts

  • Coughing up blood (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Diet and eating after esophagectomy (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Esophageal cancer (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Esophagectomy - minimally invasive (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Esophagectomy - open (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Swallowing problems (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish

Topic Image

Esophageal Cancer

MEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

  • After chemotherapy - discharge
  • Coughing up blood
  • Diet and eating after esophagectomy
  • Esophageal cancer
  • Esophagectomy - discharge
  • Esophagectomy - minimally invasive
  • Esophagectomy - open
  • Swallowing problems

Related Health Topics

  • Esophagus Disorders

National Institutes of Health

The primary NIH organization for research on Esophageal Cancer is the National Cancer Institute

Disclaimers

MedlinePlus links to health information from the National Institutes of Health and other federal government agencies. MedlinePlus also links to health information from non-government Web sites. See our disclaimer about external links and our quality guidelines.

The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.

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