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Kidney Tests
URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/kidneytests.html

Kidney Tests

Also called: Kidney Function Panel, Kidney Function Tests, Kidney Panel, Renal Function Panel
On this page

Basics

  • Summary
  • Start Here

Learn More

  • Specifics

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Research

  • Clinical Trials
  • Journal Articles

Resources

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For You

  • Patient Handouts

Summary

You have two kidneys. They are fist-sized organs on either side of your backbone above your waist. Your kidneys filter and clean your blood, taking out waste products and making urine. Kidney tests check to see how well your kidneys are working. They include blood, urine, and imaging tests.

Early kidney disease usually does not have signs or symptoms. Testing is the only way to know how your kidneys are doing. It is important for you to get checked for kidney disease if you have the key risk factors - diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, or a family history of kidney failure.

Specific kidney tests include:

  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - one of the most common blood tests to check for chronic kidney disease. It tells how well your kidneys are filtering.
  • Creatinine blood and urine tests - check the levels of creatinine, a waste product that your kidneys remove from your blood
  • Albumin urine test - checks for albumin, a protein that can pass into the urine if the kidneys are damaged
  • Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound - provide pictures of the kidneys. The pictures help the health care provider see the size and shape of the kidneys, and check for anything unusual.
  • Kidney biopsy - a procedure that involves taking a small piece of kidney tissue for examination with a microscope. It checks for the cause of kidney disease and how damaged your kidneys are.

NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Start Here

  • Chronic Kidney Disease Tests and Diagnosis From the National Institutes of Health (National Kidney Disease Education Program) Also in Spanish
  • Testing for Chronic Kidney Disease (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
  • Tests for Kidney Disease (American Kidney Fund) Also in Spanish

Specifics

  • Abdominal Ultrasound Video (American College of Radiology; Radiological Society of North America) Also in Spanish
  • Albumin Blood Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP) From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Calcium Blood Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Calcium in Urine Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Chloride Blood Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Creatinine Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy From the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) Also in Spanish
  • Fasting for a Blood Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Kidney Biopsy From the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)
  • Kidney Stone Analysis From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Magnesium Blood Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Phosphate in Blood From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Phosphate in Urine From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Protein Electrophoresis by Immunofixation Blood Test From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Total Protein and Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
  • Urinalysis: MedlinePlus Health Topic From the National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish

Clinical Trials

  • ClinicalTrials.gov: Kidney Function Tests From the National Institutes of Health (National Institutes of Health)

Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

  • Article: Perinephric fat volume and its negative correlation with the eGFR according...
  • Article: Agreement of glomerular filtration rate estimation equations for chemotherapy dosing in...
  • Article: Association between left atrial remodeling and early renal impairment in asymptomatic...
  • Kidney Tests -- see more articles

Patient Handouts

  • 24-hour urine protein (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Acid loading test (pH) (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Albumin blood (serum) test (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • BUN - blood test (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Glomerular filtration rate (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Kidney biopsy (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Microalbuminuria test (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Total protein (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
  • Urine protein dipstick test (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish

Topic Image

Kidney Tests

MEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

  • 24-hour urine protein
  • Abdominal CT scan
  • Abdominal MRI scan
  • Abdominal tap
  • Acid loading test (pH)
  • Albumin blood (serum) test
  • Amylase - urine
  • Anti-glomerular basement membrane blood test
  • Basic metabolic panel
  • BUN - blood test
  • Calcium - ionized
  • Calcium - urine
  • Calcium blood test
  • Chloride - urine test
  • Citric acid urine test
  • CO2 blood test
  • Fractional excretion of sodium
  • Glomerular filtration rate
  • Hemoglobinuria test
  • Immunoelectrophoresis - urine
  • Intravenous pyelogram
  • Kidney biopsy
  • Microalbuminuria test
  • Phosphorus blood test
  • Potassium urine test
  • Protein electrophoresis - serum
  • RBC urine test
  • Renal arteriography
  • Renal perfusion scintiscan
  • Renal scan
  • Renal venogram
  • Sodium urine test
  • TBG blood test
  • Total protein
  • Urea nitrogen urine test
  • Uric acid - blood
  • Urinary casts
  • Urine 24-hour volume
  • Urine protein dipstick test
  • Urine protein electrophoresis test

Related Health Topics

  • Kidney Cancer
  • Kidney Diseases

National Institutes of Health

The primary NIH organization for research on Kidney Tests is the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Other Languages

Find health information in languages other than English on Kidney Tests

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The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.

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